Akbar Bahmani; Farshid Aslani; Seyyed Reza Mousavizadeh
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 350-365
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to explain the factors affecting the performance of businesses located in the Science and Technology Park. Therefore, by understanding this issue through Interpretive-Structural Analysis (ISA), this research seeks to design a model based on the classification and segregation ...
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Purpose: This study aims to explain the factors affecting the performance of businesses located in the Science and Technology Park. Therefore, by understanding this issue through Interpretive-Structural Analysis (ISA), this research seeks to design a model based on the classification and segregation of factors affecting the performance of companies located in the Science and Technology Park.Methodology: The present research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive nature, and survey in the data collection method. The research methodology is a qualitative-quantitative mix in the qualitative part based on identifying factors related to business performance. The work is located in the Science and Technology Park through interviews and content analysis with the participation of 15 experts as panel members, and in a small part through the formation of a structural self-interaction matrix seeks structural and interpretive modelling in which 15 senior managers and experts from science and technology parks participated.Findings: The results show that the most important factors affecting the performance of companies in the science and technology park are creativity, effectiveness, and work interactions, which were effective indicators in the thematic analysis results.Originality/Value: The most effective factors in the performance of companies located in the Science and Technology Park are the factors of job satisfaction, job freshness, and job trust and profession.
Accounting and Auditing
Azadeh Shemshad
Volume 4, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 355-368
Abstract
Purpose: Financial distress can increase investment risk for investors. Therefore, it will be necessary to review the financial statements by an independent person. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between financial helplessness and audit fees. It also examines ...
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Purpose: Financial distress can increase investment risk for investors. Therefore, it will be necessary to review the financial statements by an independent person. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between financial helplessness and audit fees. It also examines the effect of firm size in this regard. The bigger or smaller the companies are, they can be influential in this regard.Methodology: Multivariate linear regression was used to test the two hypotheses of this research. The statistical population was 130 companies listed to the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2013-2022 (1300 firm-year observation). Altman's model [1] has been used to measure financial helplessness.Findings: The results of the research indicate the existence of a positive and significant relationship between financial distress and audit fees. The results showed that firm size can moderate the relationship between financial distress and audit fees. The results of additional tests exhibit that the difference between the size of the firm, that is, large and small and medium, has a significant difference in this regard.Originality/Value: When companies are in financial trouble, they pressure auditors to reduce their fees. This research achievement can convey essential knowledge to the users of financial statements and auditors.
Hamed Fathi; Alireza Amini
Volume 3, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Pages 356-370
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to identify and rank security indicators in online social networks. Social networks include Facebook, Twitter, Telegram, WhatsApp, YouTube, and Instagram.Methodology: The information technology units of Melli Bank have been studied, and 30 people have been considered research ...
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Purpose: This study aims to identify and rank security indicators in online social networks. Social networks include Facebook, Twitter, Telegram, WhatsApp, YouTube, and Instagram.Methodology: The information technology units of Melli Bank have been studied, and 30 people have been considered research experts. For this purpose, seven important indicators were identified, and the TOPSIS technique was used to prioritize them. Then, the relationship between the identified indicators and online social network security was investigated using the Spearman correlation test. For this purpose, a questionnaire with 24 items was distributed, and 262 samples were collected and analyzed.Findings: The results show that security indicators in online social networks in order of priority are implementing authentication and licensing mechanisms, using up-to-date software and avoiding suspicious programs, restricting personal information dissemination, monitoring to prevent unauthorized processing of information, compliance with standards the country's IT infrastructure, and the installing an intruder detection system. Also, based on the results of the Spearman correlation test, all factors have had a positive and significant effect on social network security.Originality/Value: In this study, we concluded that there is a significant relationship between the influential factors and the security of social networks on the line defined for these networks. The development of information and communication technology infrastructures and the increase in users using virtual social networks justifies the need to create and develop a mechanism for establishing security in these communication networks.
Farjam Kayedppour; Shadi Sayadmanesh; Yasamin Salmani; Zahra Sadeghi
Volume 1, Issue 4 , February 2021, , Pages 363-382
Abstract
Purpose: In this study, the grey data envelopment analysis approach and the Malmquist productivity index were used to measure the efficiency and productivity of companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange cement industry. Methodology: First, we identify the appropriate financial ratios for measuring ...
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Purpose: In this study, the grey data envelopment analysis approach and the Malmquist productivity index were used to measure the efficiency and productivity of companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange cement industry. Methodology: First, we identify the appropriate financial ratios for measuring efficiency. Then, we calculate these ratios for each financial year as grey numbers (intervals). In the next step, these ratios are divided into two groups of input and output variables under research variables. Finally, the efficiency and productivity of the studied companies for the two fiscal years, 2018 and 2019, were determined using CCR and BCC models. Its components have been estimated.
Findings: The results of this study provide a suitable framework for using uncertain information (grey) to replace definite information and thus allow more realistic results to be estimated about the performance of companies. Findings: The results of this study provide a suitable framework for using uncertain information (grey) to replace definite information and thus allow more realistic results to be estimated about the performance of companies. Originality/Value: This study uses the Malmquist-Grey Productivity Index to provide a framework for comparing productivity changes over time. This index measures the ratio of the measured efficiencies of a production unit in two different periods.
Abbas Khamseh
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 366-384
Abstract
Purpose: Many factors affect the firm's innovation performance, and identifying these factors can help managers better plan and manage the innovation process. MAPNA Industrial Group, as a manufacturer of power plant products, seeks to improve and enhance its subsidiaries' innovation performance to gain ...
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Purpose: Many factors affect the firm's innovation performance, and identifying these factors can help managers better plan and manage the innovation process. MAPNA Industrial Group, as a manufacturer of power plant products, seeks to improve and enhance its subsidiaries' innovation performance to gain a competitive advantage and presence in global markets. Accordingly, the present study investigated the impact of entrepreneurship, R&D internal capabilities, and R&D external collaboration on MAPNA's innovation performance.Methodology: This study is a descriptive and applied research. Data collection was done using library and field study methods. A questionnaire and interview were used to benefit from experts' opinions, including 30 managers and experts in the R&D departments of MAPNA Group. Fourteen indicators in the form of three factors of entrepreneurship, R&D internal capabilities, and R&D external collaboration, were identified. Then conceptual research model was designed, and innovation performance was evaluated using a fuzzy approach and MATLAB software.Findings: The results show that all three factors of R&D internal capabilities, R&D external, and entrepreneurship collaborations have a direct and positive effect on MAPNA Group's innovation performance, and R&D internal capabilities have the most impact, with a score of 7.44. Entrepreneurship has the least impact, with a score of 5.64. Also, innovation performance has the most impact, respectively, on the indicators of the investment in R&D software, the amount of investment in equipment and laboratories, and the percentage of R&D costs of the organization's total sales. All three are indicators of R&D internal capabilities. The level of innovation performance in the MAPNA group was 6.44, which is in the medium to high range.Originality/Value: This study proposed a conceptual model to illustrate the relationship between intrapreneurship, R&D internal capabilities, and R&D external collaboration to engender innovative performance of MAPNA.
Business Administration
Mehdi Ajalli; Mohammad Mahdi Mozaffari; Sahar Johari
Volume 4, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 369-386
Abstract
Purpose: In recent decades, research on the customer brand has taken a special place in various fields, including academic and business markets. Many researchers and executives of the company have concluded that one of the reasons for the brand's importance and value is its brand name for the customer, ...
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Purpose: In recent decades, research on the customer brand has taken a special place in various fields, including academic and business markets. Many researchers and executives of the company have concluded that one of the reasons for the brand's importance and value is its brand name for the customer, which creates value for customers and the company. As a result, marketers can use a unique value, and a higher brand name has a competitive advantage. This study investigated the relationship between brand experience, brand reputation, and brand loyalty in empirical marketing at Maral Leather Company.Methodology: The method of this research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey nature. The study's statistical population consisted of all Maral customers. Regarding the uncertainty of the population, 384 were selected as the statistical sample based on the Cochran formula. The data-gathering tool in this study was a questionnaire with 7 components and 24 items. Data analysis was performed using a structural equation test and Amos software.Findings: The research results showed that sensory experiences of events from the viewpoint of Maral customers have a positive role in creating a brand experience. The emotional experience of events Maral customers positively affects creating a brand experience. Creative experiences of events from the perspective of Maral shoppers have a positive role in creating a brand experience. Physical experiences of events from the customers' perspective have a positive effect on brand experience. The event's social identity experiences from the shoppers' standpoint have a positive role in creating a brand experience. Brand experience from customers' point of view positively and significantly affects brand refinement. Reading the customers' point of view positively and significantly affects brand loyalty.Originality/Value: Having new strategies, paying attention to the critical points in establishing, maintaining, and expanding relations with the customer, and trying to satisfy him expands the realization of customer-oriented goals and brings a base of loyal customers in the long term.
Hossein Norouzi; Soheila Khoddami; Zahra Abidi
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 371-386
Abstract
Purpose: This study analyzes the effect of business intelligence on firm performance by considering the mediating role of knowledge sharing, organizational innovation, and competitive advantage.Methodology: This study is descriptive correlational research. The statistical population of the research is ...
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Purpose: This study analyzes the effect of business intelligence on firm performance by considering the mediating role of knowledge sharing, organizational innovation, and competitive advantage.Methodology: This study is descriptive correlational research. The statistical population of the research is small and medium entrepreneurs in Tehran province. The method of data collection is a questionnaire. The number of items in the questionnaire is 42, the sample size is 202 questionnaires, and all have been completed correctly. Structural equation modelling and SPSS and PLS 3 software were used to analyze the data.Findings: Findings indicate that business intelligence impacts competitive knowledge sharing and firm performance, showing that managers should focus on implementing business intelligence to enhance their performance and increase their ability to respond to external risks and challenges. The findings also show that knowledge sharing impacts competitive advantage, and finally, competitive advantage impacts firm performance.Originality/Value: The study showed that business intelligence in the organization and small and medium entrepreneurs will increase performance, competitive advantage, and knowledge sharing. This research can help organizations to use business intelligence in their activities in a more specialized way.
Alireza Rashidi Komijan; Ahmad Masoudifar
Volume 1, Issue 4 , February 2021, , Pages 383-402
Abstract
Purpose: One of the most critical issues in supplying equipment and managing spare parts for power plant industries is evaluating and selecting suppliers and assigning orders to them. This study aims to achieve a comprehensive model for ranking the suppliers, classifying the parts, evaluating suppliers, ...
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Purpose: One of the most critical issues in supplying equipment and managing spare parts for power plant industries is evaluating and selecting suppliers and assigning orders to them. This study aims to achieve a comprehensive model for ranking the suppliers, classifying the parts, evaluating suppliers, and optimal allocation of orders. Methodology: The indicators of the supplier's evaluation were determined in the first stage. The weight of evaluation indicators was calculated by taking experts' opinions and using Group AHP and Minimum squares techniques. Prioritization and grouping of parts were done by sampling the Kraljic matrix, and the priority factor for each part was determined. In the second stage, using the TOPSIS technique, the rank of each supplier in terms of supplying the potential parts was determined. In the third stage, designing a mathematical model of planning the correct number zero-one was considered. The function of the target is to maximize the value of the purchase and include the restrictions of zero-one planning, limited budget, and management policies. GAMS software was used to solve the model. Findings: The results show that determining the group for each part, considering the two dimensions of supply risk and the vitality of the part provides a suitable management tool for equipment supply management. The zero and one integer planning model is appropriate for order allocation problems. In spare parts, the structure and components of the objective function and constraints can be changed according to the type of organization. Originality/Value: The TOPSIS technique properly combines the weight of evaluation indicators and expert opinions about the suppliers of each component, and the results can be used confidently in the design of the mathematical model.
Sahar Taheripour; Mojtaba Azizi; Ehsanallah Eshtehardian
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 385-400
Abstract
Purpose: Although in recent years, Building Information Modeling, as an emerging technology in the Iranian construction industry, has attracted the attention of many people, the low productivity of this industry and the conditions for the realization of many benefits from implementing this technology ...
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Purpose: Although in recent years, Building Information Modeling, as an emerging technology in the Iranian construction industry, has attracted the attention of many people, the low productivity of this industry and the conditions for the realization of many benefits from implementing this technology have faced many obstacles. Implementing such technologies on national, organizational, and individual scales depends on their adoption. According to previous research in this field, unfortunately, the adoption of BIM in Iran is very slow and undesirable.Methodology: The present study obtained the BIM adoption status using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by distributing a questionnaire among the first-ranked construction companies in Tehran province.Findings: The data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling showed that BIM adoption was below average in all 87 valid samples. The research findings showed that if people imagine using BIM in their minds and beliefs more easily, they think it is useful. Both of these variables lead to a greater intention to adopt BIM technology.Originality/Value: The study indicates that improving the BIM adoption status in the Iranian construction industry may be possible by strengthening individual and behavioural dimensions to further BIM adoption.
Vajiheh Dehghan; Mahmoud Moeinadin; Soheila Shahrestani
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 387-405
Abstract
Purpose: Today, organizations must implement an innovation strategy supported by competent human resources and appropriate internal processes to succeed and achieve sustainable financial performance. Therefore, the present study investigates the role of innovation strategy in the financial performance ...
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Purpose: Today, organizations must implement an innovation strategy supported by competent human resources and appropriate internal processes to succeed and achieve sustainable financial performance. Therefore, the present study investigates the role of innovation strategy in the financial performance of active manufacturing companies in Yazd province through human resource mediator variables and internal processes. Methodology: The present research is a descriptive survey. The study's statistical population consists of financial managers and senior accounting supervisors of production units in Yazd province; simple random sampling was used to select the sample, and 100 acceptable questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient confirmed the content validity of the questionnaires according to experts' opinions, and the reliability was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Data was analyzed using structural equation modelling, SPSS 21, and smart PLS 3 software.Findings: Findings show that the innovation strategy significantly affects human resources and internal processes, but its effect on financial performance is insignificant. On the other hand, the impact of internal processes on financial performance was substantial, but human resources did not significantly affect financial performance. The results also show that the innovation strategy does not affect financial performance through human resources, but through internal processes, it has been able to affect financial performance.Originality/Value: The significant changes created in the business environment, along with the competition, have highlighted the role of managers in managing industries to improve the organization's performance. Theoretically, contingency theory supports the relationship between innovation and performance by explaining the role of organization design. The role of human resource capability and internal processes can also be influential in this regard. Therefore, according to the research gap in the previous studies, the present study investigated the relationship between innovation strategy and financial performance with the mediating role of human resources and internal processes at the level of industrial units in Yazd province as one of the country's industrial hubs.
Innovation Management
Sara Partouvi
Volume 4, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 387-400
Abstract
Purpose: Today's economic environment is constantly changing, and focusing on innovation and strategic planning will improve the performance of organizations. This research aims to investigate the impact of innovation and strategic planning on organizational performance.Methodology: To achieve the research ...
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Purpose: Today's economic environment is constantly changing, and focusing on innovation and strategic planning will improve the performance of organizations. This research aims to investigate the impact of innovation and strategic planning on organizational performance.Methodology: To achieve the research goal, middle-level managers and employees of public sector and private sector hospitals in Mazandaran province were selected as the statistical population of this research. 63 questionnaires were collected from the participants in the study. In other words, the response rate is approximately 72.41%. Smart PLS3 software has been used for structural equation modeling to examine and test the hypotheses and examine the causal relationships of the variables in the research.Findings: The results have shown that innovation positively and significantly affects organizational performance. The results indicate that strategic planning increases organizational performance.Originality/Value: This study investigates innovation and strategic planning and their impact on organizational performance in hospitals because there are few previous studies in this field. By examining innovation and strategic planning, it is expected that the results of this research will help by expanding the boundaries of knowledge.
Yazdan Shirmohammadi; Jahan Rajabi
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 401-419
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of creating individual and collective psychological ownership of the brand for customers on buying from the brand and word-of-mouth advertising through partnership goals with a modifying role of members' activities in Mahan Airlines as a case study.Methodology: ...
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Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of creating individual and collective psychological ownership of the brand for customers on buying from the brand and word-of-mouth advertising through partnership goals with a modifying role of members' activities in Mahan Airlines as a case study.Methodology: This research is an applied and descriptive survey regarding purpose and method. The sampling method of this study was random, and its number was 384 people. The assessment tool in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using structural equation methods and SPSS and Smart-PLS2 software programs. We used a structural equation modelling method to determine the causal relationship between the variables.Findings: The results showed that self-efficacy, responsibility, belonging, personal identity, and collective psychological ownership positively and significantly affect members' participation goals. Also, the partnership's goals positively and significantly affect the purpose and intention of buying the brand and word-of-mouth advertising.Originality/Value: The study showed that self-efficacy, responsibility, belonging, personal identity, and collective psychological ownership have a positive and significant effect on the goals of participation and by modifying the type of activity of members.
Business Administration
hossein norouzi; Mobina Rahmani gohar; Hossein Imanipour
Volume 4, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 401-417
Abstract
Purpose: Considering the changes that have happened in recent years in the business process, attention to the category of business intelligence has become an important issue. Therefore, the present study examines the effect of the competence dimensions of business intelligence on marketing performance, ...
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Purpose: Considering the changes that have happened in recent years in the business process, attention to the category of business intelligence has become an important issue. Therefore, the present study examines the effect of the competence dimensions of business intelligence on marketing performance, considering the mediating role of customer relationship management in tourism businesses.Methodology: The current research is a descriptive survey regarding the applied purpose. The study's statistical population comprised experts and marketing managers of tourism companies in Tehran. In order to collect data, 300 questionnaires were distributed online and face-to-face using the non-probability sampling method, and 253 questionnaires were analyzed by removing distorted and indifferent questionnaires. The structural equation modeling method and SPSS 26 and Smart PLS 3 software were used for data analysis.Findings: The findings showed that the competency of business intelligence has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance, and customer relationship management plays a mediating role in this relationship. This shows that one of the ways to improve marketing performance and create a sustainable competitive advantage for managers is to use business intelligence.Originality/Value: In today's highly competitive world, the quality and timeliness of business information in organizations determine the difference between survival and bankruptcy. Also, the great importance of business intelligence and the critical role that this concept can have in improving the marketing performance of business organizations have been less discussed. Therefore, the results of the current research can improve tourism companies' marketing performance by applying business intelligence.
Masoumeh Zahedi; Mohamad Khalilzadeh; Hasan Javanshir
Volume 1, Issue 4 , February 2021, , Pages 403-421
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to design a new fuzzy expert system for project portfolio risk management in ongoing projects of a first mobile holding. Methodology: To identify the risks from the DEMATEL method developed, to evaluate and determine the most critical risks from the fuzzy FMEA methods and the ...
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Purpose: This study aimed to design a new fuzzy expert system for project portfolio risk management in ongoing projects of a first mobile holding. Methodology: To identify the risks from the DEMATEL method developed, to evaluate and determine the most critical risks from the fuzzy FMEA methods and the AHP method in Expert Choice software, and to select the optimal risk response, a proposed mathematical model is used and solved in Gamz software. Findings: The research findings showed 23 risks in the studied projects, 8 of which were highly important and impacted. Risk prioritization and determining their impact level were also performed using the integrated AHP-FMEA method. Findings obtained from solving and implementing the mathematical model in Gamz software also showed that the proposed model of efficiency and capability for selecting optimal risk response strategies is established. Originality/Value: The general findings indicate that the proposed new fuzzy expert system also has the capability and efficiency to manage the portfolio risk in the study holding.
Mahmoud Rahimi; Mohammad Mirbagherijam; Ebrahim Ghaed; Akram Noorani
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 406-422
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to compare the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on the economic welfare of Iranian provinces from 2000 to 2019.Methodology: The Panel Data model was used in this research. The statistical population includes research on the provinces of Iran. Time series ...
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Purpose: This study aims to compare the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on the economic welfare of Iranian provinces from 2000 to 2019.Methodology: The Panel Data model was used in this research. The statistical population includes research on the provinces of Iran. Time series information about these provinces has been collected from data available in the Energy Balance, Statistics Center, and Iran Economic and Financial Database, which was tested using Eviews software. Variables used in this study include consumption of renewable energy and non-renewable energy sources (solar, hydropower, wind, geothermal, oil, gas, and gasoline), economic welfare, population, labour, unemployment rate, inflation rate, income distribution inequality (Gini coefficient) and real GDP.Findings: The results showed that the consumption of renewable energy has a positive and significant impact, and the consumption of non-renewable energy has a negative and significant impact on welfare. Also, the variables of the unemployment rate, inflation rate, and income distribution inequality (Gini coefficient) have a negative and significant effect, and the variables of population growth rate, GDP, and labour productivity have a positive and significant impact on economic welfare.Originality/Value: The study showed that using renewable energy in the provinces of Iran has a more significant effect than non-renewable energy in increasing economic welfare. Investing in this production unit can improve the share of renewable energy use in Iran
ٍEhsan Lotfi; Saeed Aibaghi Isfahani
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 420-433
Abstract
Purpose: Developing radical innovation usually involves working with new markets and technologies, which brings high uncertainty and risk. Developing personal innovations due to high uncertainty results in unforeseen problems and happenings. The motivation of employees who are in the direction of conservatism ...
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Purpose: Developing radical innovation usually involves working with new markets and technologies, which brings high uncertainty and risk. Developing personal innovations due to high uncertainty results in unforeseen problems and happenings. The motivation of employees who are in the direction of conservatism rather than innovation is an important challenge in the growth of big corporates. This study examines how managers motivate individuals to innovate radically. Therefore, managing the motivating factors of the individual sector has an important contribution to radical innovation capability. Methodology: This research presents a theoretical model of managing personal motivation in individual innovation development. The model is tested and analyzed by investigating four present companies.Findings: The findings show managers can impact the initial level of individual motivation and affect development tasks' success by assigning external aims and providing organizational support. These methods could be found at different levels: personnel, project teams, and the organization.Originality/Value: Based on this study, it can be said that using skills and abilities in performing job tasks and promoting functional innovation is effective.
Habibeh Karimi; Khatereh Bagherzadeh Asl; Samira Torabi
Volume 1, Issue 4 , February 2021, , Pages 422-449
Abstract
Purpose: Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) is the primary way to solve environmental problems. In addition, many countries in the world attempt to provide human needs to coastal region services to reach the natural border of these zones. The primary purpose of this paper is to identify the current ...
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Purpose: Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) is the primary way to solve environmental problems. In addition, many countries in the world attempt to provide human needs to coastal region services to reach the natural border of these zones. The primary purpose of this paper is to identify the current situation of pollution in different coastal areas of Mazandaran province and the zoning of areas in terms of environmental pollution. Methodology: In this paper, we first deal with the conceptual framework of ICZM, study the successful examples of its implementation in different countries, and compare them from various aspects. Then, to implement this project on the west coast of Mazandaran province, we will pay attention to the studies related to environmental pollution. Findings: Findings show that in coastal management, all physical, ecological, social, and economic processes that interact on the coast and the sea should be identified, and specific coordination between different users at local, national, regional, and international levels must be created. Furthermore, the successful implementation of ICZM requires more attention to the social and economic conditions of the Caspian littoral states. Originality/Value: We study the characteristics of the west coast of Mazandaran province based on important ecosystems and parameters such as industrial pollutants, soil type, vegetation (sea and land), wildlife, geology, and marine topics (water fluctuations, wave characteristics, etc.) And we analyze the related issues. Finally, to implement the ICZM on the west coast of Mazandaran province, from the point of view of environmental pollution, we investigate the distribution of industrial pollutants in the use of coastal lands up to a radius of three kilometers in the Caspian Sea.
Mohammad Saeid Kiani; Leila Nazari
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 423-436
Abstract
and participation of people in their decisions, creativity, and innovation. It can be considered a source in ensuring employees' mental health. However, an inappropriate atmosphere can also be a significant source of stress. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational commitment ...
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and participation of people in their decisions, creativity, and innovation. It can be considered a source in ensuring employees' mental health. However, an inappropriate atmosphere can also be a significant source of stress. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational commitment and organizational climate with the general health of physical education teachers in Kermanshah province.Methodology: The statistical population of the present study was 1200 physical education teachers in Kermanshah province, and according to the Morgan table, 291 people were selected as a sample through systematic random sampling. Four questionnaires of demographic characteristics were used to measure the variables: the Mir and Allen questionnaire (1996), the questionnaire (OCDQ-RS), and the Goldberg and Hiller questionnaire (2012). Formal and content validity was confirmed by opinion polls from related professors, and the reliability of the questionnaires was reported to be 0.79, 0.87, and 0.79 using Cronbach's alpha. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the variables, and inferential statistics were used to test the research hypotheses at a significance level of α ≤ 0 0.05.Findings: The results indicated a significant difference between the dimensions of organizational commitment (P = 0.008), organizational climate (P = 0.001), and general health (P = 0.001) of teachers. There was a significant difference between organizational commitment and different levels of public health (P = 0.024). Still, no significant difference was observed between organizational climate and different levels of public health (P = 0.152).Originality/Value: Notably, the physical education sector of the education category needs specialized and capable people to put their knowledge to the application stage, no matter the organizational climate and commitment. If physical education teachers are in better condition, they will have more general health and can be more motivated to move towards the goals of the organization.
Azadeh Shemshad; Mohsen Imeni
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 434-446
Abstract
Purpose: The present study was conducted to gather evidence to investigate the relationship between cash holdings, firm value, and financial performance of companies' constraints in financing the Iranian capital market.Methodology: This study was investigated for 91 companies (number of observations ...
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Purpose: The present study was conducted to gather evidence to investigate the relationship between cash holdings, firm value, and financial performance of companies' constraints in financing the Iranian capital market.Methodology: This study was investigated for 91 companies (number of observations 728) in 8 years between 2012 and 2019. Also, panel data regression was used to test the relationships between variables.Findings: The results indicate a nonlinear relationship between cash holdings and performance, and this relationship is inverted U-shaped. Also, this relationship has existed with the performance variable (ROE) as an alternative variable. This study shows a negative relationship between the non-optimal level of cash holdings and financial performance. The results indicate that companies with financial constraints hold cash holdings, which will reduce financial performance.Originality/Value: Evidence of a nonlinear relationship between firm performance and cash holdings under company-specific conditions gives managers and investors the insight to examine the performance of companies, future value, and how they make decisions in certain circumstances, such as financial constraints for companies
Rouhollah Kiani Ghaleh No
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 437-451
Abstract
Purpose: In this study, the strategies of internal and external decision-makers in Borjam are examined using game theory.Methodology: The decisions made by three related personalities in JCPOA, including the leadership of Iran, the Government of Iran, and the group (1 + 5), were simulated using game ...
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Purpose: In this study, the strategies of internal and external decision-makers in Borjam are examined using game theory.Methodology: The decisions made by three related personalities in JCPOA, including the leadership of Iran, the Government of Iran, and the group (1 + 5), were simulated using game theory and analyzed based on the game theory mechanism. In the problem statement section, principles are accepted, and the game is designed based on them. The AHP method was used to evaluate the consequences of the game. The low incompatibility rate calculated for this method describes the evaluation results as acceptable. Entering the negotiations in a static game is expressed with complete information, and the mutual agreement process is shown as a dynamic game.Findings: The game is discussed from two aspects. The pre-game section examines the nature of entering or not entering the negotiations. Examining the game process shows that entering negotiations is strategic for Iran and the group (5 + 1). However, in the main game, strategies for decision-making are examined. Trust without guarantee has been shown to change the game's outcome from win-win to win-lose.Originality/Value: There are various attitudes about JCPOA. In this research, regardless of attitudes and factions, the work process is implemented in a scientific model with a strategic structure.
Mohammad Sadegh Shiri; Mostafa Khorramizadeh; Vahid Ahmadi
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 452-464
Abstract
Purpose: This paper presents a new two-phase method for solving the curriculum-based university course timetabling problem. A new metaheuristic approach is used in both phases of the new present method.Methodology: A feasible, high-quality solution is computed in the first phase of the new method. To ...
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Purpose: This paper presents a new two-phase method for solving the curriculum-based university course timetabling problem. A new metaheuristic approach is used in both phases of the new present method.Methodology: A feasible, high-quality solution is computed in the first phase of the new method. To this end, the hard constraints relating to the periods are considered, and a solution is computed that satisfies these hard constraints. In the next step, a new method is introduced for assigning rooms to courses, after which a feasible solution is calculated based on the solution that satisfies the period's hard constraints. In the second phase, several new neighbourhood functions are used to improve the quality of computed feasible solutions. While the fitness function of the first phase is based on the violation of hard constraints, the fitness function of the second phase is based on the penalty of the feasible solution.Findings: The numerical results indicate that the required computing time increases with the size of instances, and the algorithm tends to converge towards the optimal solution after a few minutes.Originality/Value: The presented algorithm enables us to deal with extensive university course timetabling problems in practice. Moreover, it provides us with an efficient way to obtain feasible solutions to such real-world instances and try to improve their quality.
Mohammad Ghasemi; Mohammad Mehdi Mohtadi
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 465-482
Abstract
Purpose: Rahyan Noor camps have been considered one example of war tourism in recent decades after the Iran-Iraq war. Due to the importance of this capital, it is worthwhile for the authorities and all the planners of these camps to try to improve the quality of holding these camps. Methodology: This ...
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Purpose: Rahyan Noor camps have been considered one example of war tourism in recent decades after the Iran-Iraq war. Due to the importance of this capital, it is worthwhile for the authorities and all the planners of these camps to try to improve the quality of holding these camps. Methodology: This research is a mixed qualitative-quantitative research using the data collection method. This research tries to identify the factors affecting the quality improvement of the Rahyan Noor camps by analyzing the information collected through interviews using the thematic analysis method. Sampling was performed to achieve theoretical saturation. Due to the uncertainty in determining the importance of the factors based on every criterion, ranking is based on the Fuzzy TOPSIS algorithm. Findings: According to the results, optimizing camp time has been selected as the first and most crucial factor, with a relative proximity index of 0.53467. Originality/Value: Optimizing the duration of the camps leads to the appropriate timing of these camps by carefully examining the dispatched groups; the first important step in improving the quality of these camps can be taken according to the desired criteria.
